Misinformation effect refers to a memory bias that occurs when misinformation affects people's reports of their own memory - not to be confused with "disinformation" which is a specific and
conscious act:
(1) incorporating "misinformation" into one's memory of the event, after witnessing an event and receiving misleading information about it;
(2) Witnessing an event, receiving misleading information about it, and then incorporating the "misinformation" into one's memory of the event.