Glossary / Lexicon

Ion is defined as a single atom or small molecule containing a net positive or negative charge due to an excess of either protons or electrons, respectively (example., Na+, Cl-); atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons

In the psychology context, an ion is an atom or molecule that has an unequal number of protons and electrons, resulting in a positive or negative charge. Ions play an important role in the functioning of the nervous system and are involved in many physiological processes.

Some examples of ions in psychology include:

1. Sodium ions (Na+): These positively charged ions play a critical role in the transmission of nerve impulses and are essential for the functioning of neurons.

2. Potassium ions (K+): These positively charged ions are also involved in the transmission of nerve impulses and play a key role in maintaining the resting potential of neurons.

3. Chloride ions (Cl-): These negatively charged ions are involved in the regulation of water balance in the body and can also affect the excitability of neurons.

4. Calcium ions (Ca2+): These positively charged ions are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, and gene expression.

5. Hydrogen ions (H+): These positively charged ions are involved in regulating the pH balance of the body and can affect the functioning of enzymes and other biochemical processes.

Overall, ions are important components of many physiological processes in the body, including those that are relevant to psychology and behavior.