Size Constancy when objects are perceived to have a given size regardless of the size of the retinal image.
In psychology, size constancy refers to the ability to perceive an object as having a consistent size, even when viewed from different distances. This means that even though an object may appear larger or smaller depending on its distance from the viewer, the viewer's brain is able to compensate for this change in distance and maintain a constant perception of the object's size. Here are some examples of size constancy:
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A person standing at the end of a long hallway may appear smaller than when viewed up close, but their size is perceived as constant due to size constancy.
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A building seen from a distance appears smaller than when viewed up close, but our brain compensates for the change in distance and maintains a perception of its actual size.
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A car seen driving down the street may appear to change in size, but our brain maintains a perception of the car's constant size based on our prior knowledge of its actual size.
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A book held close to our face appears larger than when held at arm's length, but our brain compensates for the change in distance and maintains a perception of its actual size.
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A person standing on the opposite side of a large room may appear smaller than when viewed up close, but our brain maintains a perception of their actual size based on our prior knowledge of their size.
Overall, size constancy is an important perceptual mechanism that allows us to perceive the world accurately and maintain a consistent perception of object size despite changes in distance or viewing conditions.