The Center for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression Scale (CES-D) was designed to measure current level of depressive symptomatology, and especially depressive affect. The 20 items were chosen from five (5) previously used Depression scales to represent all major components of Depressive symptomatology.

These include: depressed mood, feelings of guilt and worthlessness, feelings of helplessness and hopelessness, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, and psychomotor retardation. Each item is rated on 4-point scales indicating the degree of their occurrence during the last week. The scales range from "rarely or none of the time" to "most all of the time." The scale can distinguish between clinical groups and general community groups. Although it is usually scored continuously, there are various cut-off scores for Clinical depression with reasonable associations between cut-off scores and a clinical diagnosis. The reader is referred to Insel (1986) for an excellent overview of the CES-D including suggestions for cut-off scores.

Related Articles

Morose at psychology-glossary.com■■■■■■
Morose means gloomy, sullen "Morose" is a term that is commonly used in both psychology and everyday . . . Read More
Antidepressant at psychology-glossary.com■■■■■■
Antidepressant refers to a type of medication used to treat depression and related conditions It tends . . . Read More
Depression at psychology-glossary.com■■■■■■
Depression refers to a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, loss of interest or . . . Read More
Roller at psychology-glossary.com■■■■■
A Roller in psychology refers to a type of mental disorder characterized by extreme mood swings or fluctuations . . . Read More
The Beck Depression Inventory at psychology-glossary.com■■■■■
The Beck Depression Inventory : The Beck Depression Inventory refers to test to measure depression. This . . . Read More
Structural Clinical Interview at psychology-glossary.com■■■■■
The priority for a research diagnosis of depression is the Structural Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders . . . Read More
Precision at top500.de■■■■■
In an industrial or manufacturing context, precision refers to the degree of accuracy and exactness of . . . Read More
Moral affect at psychology-glossary.com■■■■
Moral affect refers to the emotional component of morality, that includes feelings such as empathy, guilt, . . . Read More
Anhedonia at psychology-glossary.com■■■■
Anhedonia refers to the inability to experience pleasure. In contrast to blunted affect, which refers . . . Read More
Behavioral Activation at psychology-glossary.com■■■■
Behavioral Activation is a therapeutic approach within the field of psychology focused on helping individuals . . . Read More