Glossary D

Dual orientation. Please see Dual representation.

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Dual process theories of influence is defined generally as a conceptual analysis arguing that individuals change in response to direct forms of influence, such as persuasion)and indirect forms of influence, such as mimicking another’s response.

Dual relationships refers to an ethical "hotspot" that states that clinicians/therapists should avoid not having other relationships outside the professional arena with clients.

- Dual representation (Dual encoding, Dual orientation) : Dual representation (Dual encoding ) is defined as the ability to represent an object simultaneously as an object itself and as a representation of something else.

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Dual-code theory refers to a belief suggesting that knowledge is represented both in images and in symbols

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Dual-coding hypothesis refers to Paivio’s assertion that long-term memory can code information in two (2) distinct ways, verbally and visually, and that items coded both ways, for example, pictures or concrete words are more easily recalled than items such as abstract words which are coded in only one way

Dual-earner households is defined as households in which both partners are employed.

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Dual-stream model of speech perception refers to a model that proposes a ventral stream starting in the temporal lobe that is responsible for recognizing speech, and a dorsal stream starting in the parietal lobe that is responsible for linking the acoustic signal to the movements used to produce speech.