The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM; latest edition: DSM-5-TR, published in March 2022) is a publication by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) for the classification of mental disorders using a common language and standard criteria and is the main book for the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders in the United States and is considered one of the "Bibles" of psychiatry along with the ICD, CCMD and the Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual.
The DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition) is a widely used diagnostic manual in the field of psychology and psychiatry. It is a classification system that provides a standard criteria for the diagnosis of mental health disorders. Here are some examples of disorders that can be diagnosed using the DSM-IV:
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Major Depressive Disorder: A mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest or pleasure in activities.
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A disorder characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry about everyday events, activities, and interactions.
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Schizophrenia: A psychotic disorder characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors, such as delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech.
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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A disorder characterized by intrusive, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) that lead to repetitive behaviors (compulsions).
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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A disorder that can occur after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event, characterized by symptoms such as intrusive thoughts, nightmares, and avoidance of reminders of the trauma.
Similar diagnostic manuals used in psychology and psychiatry include:
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DSM-5: The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, which was released in 2013, updated and revised many of the diagnostic criteria from DSM-IV.
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ICD-10: The 10th edition of the International Classification of Diseases, which is used for the diagnosis of medical and psychiatric disorders.
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PDM: The Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual, which is based on psychoanalytic and psychodynamic theories of mental health and provides a framework for understanding complex psychological disorders.
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CCMD-3: The Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders, 3rd edition, which is used for the diagnosis of mental disorders in China.
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RDoC: The Research Domain Criteria, which is a new framework developed by the National Institute of Mental Health to study mental disorders based on underlying neural and behavioral systems rather than traditional diagnostic categories.