Glossary E

Experimenter expectancy effects is defined as a process by which experimenters unwittingly lead participants to confirm the experimenters' hypothesis.

Experiments refer to creative approaches or techniques used by the therapist to deal with an impasse in therapy brought about by the client’s difficulty in achieving awareness.

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Expert power refers to influentiality that derives from subordinates’ assumption that the powerholder possesses superior skills and abilities.

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Expert role refer to the therapist's demonstration of competence, that is the therapist knowledge and experience

Expert systems refer to computer hardware and software which attempt to duplicate the decision-making processes used by skilled investigators in the analysis of evidence and in the recognition of patterns which such evidence might represent.They are computer programs that can perform the way an expert does in a fairly specific domain Expert system is defined also as a computer program designed to model the judgments of a human expert in a particular field.

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expert witness refers to the person who is allowed to offer opinion testimony in legal trials because of special training and experience

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Expert/Novice differences refers to a dimension of individual differences in which people’s analytic approach in perception or problem solving increases as they gain familiarity with a domain.

Expertise is defined as the amount of knowledge or skill possessed by a leader; a quality of individuals who focus their intelligence on intensive study, training, and repeated opportunities for problem solving within a domain in which they become specialists.