Corrections is defined as the implementation and execution of sentences imposed by the courts. It is also, the system that administers those sentences.
In the psychology context, corrections typically refer to programs or interventions designed to reduce criminal behavior or prevent reoffending. These programs can be carried out in prisons, community-based settings, or a combination of both.
Examples of correctional programs include:
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Cognitive-behavioral therapy: a type of psychotherapy that aims to change an offender's negative thought patterns and behavior.
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Substance abuse treatment: programs that address drug and alcohol addiction and its underlying causes.
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Vocational training and education: programs that provide offenders with job skills and educational opportunities to improve their chances of finding employment after release.
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Restorative justice: an approach to corrections that emphasizes repairing harm done to victims and the community through mediation, community service, and other methods.
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Electronic monitoring: the use of ankle bracelets or other tracking devices to monitor an offender's location and ensure compliance with court-ordered conditions.
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Probation and parole: alternatives to incarceration that involve supervision and monitoring of offenders in the community.
Overall, the goal of corrections is to reduce recidivism and promote rehabilitation, while also protecting public safety.