Glossary O

Ostensive definitions refers to the process of defining a word by pointing to its referent.

Osteoarthritis is a form of Arthritis that results when the articular cartilage begins to crack or wear away because of overuse of a particular joint; may also result from injury or other causes; often affects the weight-bearing joints and is common among athletes and the elderly.

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Osteogenesis Imperfecta or OI refers to a disease caused by an abnormality in the collagen protein that the body requires for bones as well as other structures, such as teeth, ligaments and skin. The condition often leads to an increased likelihood of fractures, as well as fragile teeth, lax joints, bruising and blue or grey sclera (whites of eyes). Some people with brittle bone diseases develop deafness and some have short stature. Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is also known as Brittle bone disease

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Osteokinematic motion refers to motion of the bones relative to the three (3) cardinal planes, resulting from physiological movements.

Osteoporosis refers to a disease characterized by a reduction in bone density, brittleness of bones, and a loss of calcium from the bones.

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Ostomies refers to the operations to remove part of the small or large intestine or the bladder, resulting in the need to create an artificial opening in the body for the elimination of bodily wastes.

Ostracism means excluding a person or group of people from a group, often by ignoring, shunning, or explicitly banishing them. Ostracism, moreover, is being excluded, rejected, and ignored by others

- Oswald Külpe (1862 - 1915) : Oswald Külpe applied systematic, experimental introspection to the study of problem solving and found that some mental operations are imageless.