Glossary P

Probing refers to a follow-up technique for getting complete responses to open-ended questions by asking.

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Probing statement refers to statement in interviewing which demands more information than the interviewee has been willing to provide of his or her own accord.

Probiotics are live microorganisms that are consumed in order to provide health benefits. These microorganisms are usually bacteria, but can also be yeasts. In the context of psychology, probiotics are being studied for their potential effects on mental health and well-being.

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Deutsch: Problem

A problem is a situation or challenge that requires a solution or that needs to be addressed in some way. Problems can be large or small, simple or complex, and can occur in a variety of different contexts, including personal, social, or professional.

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Problem drinking is defined as uncontrolled drinking that leads to social, psychological, and biomedical problems which results from alcohol. The problem drinker may show some signs associated with Alcoholism, but typically Problem drinking is considered to be a pre-alcoholic or a lesser Alcoholic syndrome.

Problem identification refers to the Step 1 of the inverted pyramid method of case conceptualization. Problem identification requires using wide latitude to identify and list the client’s presenting concerns, associated concerns, and relevant aspects of the person’s functioning. Problem identification more specifically involves exploration the presentation of problem, additional areas of concern, parental and family relationships, experiences and reactions during sessions, health-related issues, as well as formal Psychological assessment.

Problem identification stage refers to Stage 2 of the helping relationship, with its primary goal being to identify, describe, and understand the client’s concerns.

Problem of other minds is difficulty of knowing whether other people or animals have conscious experiences

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