Psychology Glossary
Lexicon of Psychology - Terms, Treatments, Biographies,

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Glossary P

Purposive behavior

Purposive behavior refers to the behavior that is directed toward some goal and that terminates when the goal is attained.

Purposive behaviorism

Purposive behaviorism is a type of Behaviorism Tolman pursued, which emphasizes molar rather than molecular behavior.

Putamen

Putamen is the structure of the basal ganglia. Also, Putamen refers to a large subcortical structure, one part of the basal

ganglia.

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Puzzle box

Puzzle box refers to the experimental chamber Thorndike used for systematically studying animal behavior.

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Puzzles and Games in Therapy

Puzzles, games, and structured play activities are more than mere entertainment—they are cognitive and emotional tools with measurable therapeutic benefits. From jigsaw puzzles to strategy games, these activities engage the brain in ways that enhance problem-solving, memory, emotional regulation, and neuroplasticity. Clinical psychology and neuroscience increasingly recognize their value in cognitive rehabilitation, trauma therapy, and mental health interventions.

This article explores:

  • The neurological and psychological mechanisms behind puzzle-based therapy.
  • Evidence-based applications in clinical settings (e.g., dementia, ADHD, PTSD).
  • Practical therapeutic techniques using puzzles and games.
  • Limitations and ethical considerations in therapeutic play.

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Pygmalion effect

Pygmalion effect refers to the idea that if people believe that something is true, they will act in a manner consistent with that belief. Pygmalion effect is also a self -fulfilling pr

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Pylorospasm

Pylorospasm is the shutting of the pylorus valve that occurs in some people when they drink very large quantities of alcohol

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Pyramidal cells

Pyramidal cells is a specific type of neuron that is found in all areas of the cerebral cortex. These cells have bodies that are pyramidal or conical in shape.

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