Glossary C

Chain of command is a term used in industrial and organizational psychology that refers to the line of authority within an organization that runs from the most senior to the most junior employee. Example, The chain of command shows which worker or junior employee reports to which manager or senior employee.

Chain of Custody refers to a continuous, logical chain of evidence possession.

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Chained schedule refers to a a schedule consisting of a sequence of two or more simple schedules, each with its own SD and the last of which results in a terminal reinforcer.

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Chaining is one of the principles involved in the operant conditioning theory of learning. In the form of learning called "chaining" the subject is required to make a series of responses in a definite order. For example, a sequence of correct turns in a maze is to be mastered, or a list of words is to be learned in specific sequence. Moreover, Chaining is a series of responses in which each response leads to the next.

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Deutsch: Herausforderung / Español: Desafío / Português: Desafio / Français: Défi / Italiano: Sfida

In psychology, a challenge refers to a situation or task that tests an individual's abilities, resilience, or coping mechanisms. Unlike threats, which are perceived as potential harms, challenges are viewed as opportunities for growth and mastery.

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Challenge for cause refers to a request made by an attorney that a potential juror be removed from the jury panel because he or she is clearly biased and will be unable to hear the case fairly

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Challenger refers to the natural helper style in which the therapist likes to push and confront a client into viewing the world differently.

Challenging absolutes are statements that include words such as "everyone", "never", "no one", and "always" are often exaggerations which Therapists point out to the client.