Glossary J

Glossary J

Deutsch: Eifersucht / Español: Celos / Português: Ciúmes / Français: Jalousie / Italiano: Gelosia

Jealousy in psychology refers to a complex emotional response that arises when a person perceives a threat to a valued relationship or possession. It often involves feelings of insecurity, fear, and resentment and can occur in interpersonal, familial, or social contexts. Jealousy is distinct from envy, which is the desire for something someone else possesses, whereas jealousy usually involves a triadic relationship—a person, a rival, and a valued bond.

- Jean Lamarck (1744 - 1829) : Jean Lamarck proposed that adaptive characteristics acquired during an organism's lifetime were inherited by that organism's offspring. This was the mechanism by which species were transformed. Please see also Inheritance of acquired characteristics.

- Jean-Martin Charcot (1825 - 1893) : Jean-Martin Charcot concluded that Hysteria was a real disorder, unlike most of the physicians of his day. He theorized the inherited predisposition toward Hysteria could become actualize

Jean-Paul Sartre noted that although human beings strive for rational explanations for existence, they will never find one. He viewed human life as a "futile passion", and his emphasis on human freedom, choice, and responsibility is well known in Existential theory. He openly critized the determinism of Freud and wrote about Existential Psychology

Jejune means not interesting; dull. Jejune also means lacking maturity; childish and lacking in nutrition.

Jenkins Activity Survey refers to self -report questionnaire used to assess the Type A behavior pattern. Please see Type A behavior pattern

Jeremiah refers to a person who complains continually, has a gloomy attitude, or one who warns about a disastrous future. The noun "Jeremiah" is after Jeremiah who is a Hebrew prophet during the seventh and sixth centuries BCE who prophesied the fall of the kingdom of Judah and whose writings are collected in the Book of Jeremiah and the Book of Lamentations

- Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) : Jeremy Bentham is the one who said that the seeking of pleasure and the avoidance of pain governed most human behavior. Bentham also said that the best society was one that did the greatest good for the greatest number of people.