Glossary P

Passive transformation refers to a transformational rule that transforms the deep structure of an active sentence into the passive voice.

Passive victims (of aggression) refer to socially withdrawn and anxious children whom bullies torment, even though they appear to have done nothing to trigger such abuse

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Passive voice is a sentence in which the surface structure subject is the deep structure or logical object of the action, such as in the child was scolded by the mother.

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Passive-Aggressive is a Personality disorder characterized by expression of aggressive behavior in a passive way, such as procrastination, stubbornness, or inefficiency. The term was first introduced to describe uncooperative soldiers, in a 1945 US War Department technical bulletin. Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder is no longer recognized as a proper diagnosis by the American Psychiatric Association.

Deutsch: Vergangenheitsorientierte Frage / Español: Pregunta centrada en el pasado / Português: Questão centrada no passado / Français: Question axée sur le passé / Italiano: Domanda focalizzata sul passato /

Past-focused question refers to a type of structured-interview question that taps an applicant’s experience.

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Past-Life Memories are mental images that are believed to be memories of previous lives. Please see also Reincarnation, Past-life regression.

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Past-Life Regression refers to a technique of hypnosis involving regressing people to supposed previous lives. (See also Reincarn

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Deutsch: Flicken / Español: Parche / Português: Remendo / Français: Patch / Italiano: Toppe

In the psychology context, Patch could metaphorically refer to strategies, interventions, or coping mechanisms applied to address or remedy psychological issues, emotional wounds, or cognitive deficits. Unlike a physical patch used to repair material objects, a psychological patch involves therapeutic techniques, behavioral adjustments, or mental exercises designed to improve mental health, enhance emotional resilience, or restore cognitive functions. This concept emphasizes temporary or supplementary solutions that contribute to an individual's overall psychological healing or development process.

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