Glossary W

Glossary W

- William Harvey (1578–1657) : William Harvey refers to a British physician born in 1578. His work published in 1628 entitled "An Anatomical Study of the Motion of the Heart and of the Blood in Animals", first explained how blood was pumped from the heart throughout the body, then returned to the heart.

William James (1842 - 1910), most famous for his work - a book named Principles of Psychology, was born in New York in 1842. His family lived in several countries affording James a multicultural education, including schools in the U.S., England, France, Switzerland, and Germany. He became fluent in five languages by the time he received a medical degree from Harvard University in 1869 and at age 30 he accepted the teaching position at Harvard that launched his outstanding career in psychology.

- William McDougall (1871 - 1938) : William McDougall pursued a type of behaviorism very different from Watson's. McDougall's behaviorism emphasized purposive and instinctive behavior . Please see also Hormic psychology .

William of Occam (ca. 1285- 1349) early Psychologist who denied the contention of the realists that what people experience are but manifestations of abstract principles. William of Occam sided with the Nominalists, instead who said that so-called abstract principles, or universals, were nothing more than verbal labels that people use to describe classes of experiences. For William of Occam, there is no need to assume a "higher" reality beyond our senses, reality is what we experience directly

- Williams syndrome (WS) : Williams syndrome (WS) refers to a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a recognizable pattern of dysmorphic facial features, cardiovascular and physical abnormalities, mental retardation, a specific cognitive profile, and a distinct personality . It is a disorder that produces severe mental retardation but leaves language functions relatively intact. Moreover, it is a type of mental retardation (low IQ) in which the person has relatively good language skills in spite of extremely limited abilities in other regards

Williard W. Hartup Born: 1927 - Fremont, Ohio Current: Regents Professor at the Institute of Child Development , University of Minnesota. Education: Ed.D. Harvard University Achievements: Performed major research on the impact of child friendships on development; G. Stanley Hall Award for Distinguished Contributions to Developmental Psychology , American Psychological Association , 1991.

Willis, Thomas (1621–1675) refers to English anatomist best known for his work on the blood circulation of the brain.

Wilson Leash principle refers to Wilson's contention that humans create culture because doing so enhances survival. Therefore, there is, or should be, a close relationship between culture and the satisfaction of biological needs. In this sense, it can be said that "biology holds culture on a leash".

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